![]() This name was chosen because these programs, like the Eliza of Pygmalion fame, can be taught to speak increasingly well. The family name of these programs is ELIZA. The script determines the contextual framework within which ELIZA may be expected to converse plausibly." In Contextual Understanding by Computers (CACM, 1967), he writes: "The first program to which I wish to call attention is a particular member of a family of programs which has come to be known as DOCTOR. From another perspective, ELIZA appears as an actor who must depend on a script for his lines. This is the one that carries on the well-known "Rogerian therapist" conversations that appear in Weizenbaum's 1966 paper, and which are most commonly associated with the name "ELIZA." Indeed, the name "ELIZA" has basically come to mean “ t he ELIZA agent running the DOCTOR script.” ELIZA can be seen as the precursor of many of the conversation interfaces and chatbots that we have become so familiar with today, such as Siri, but it worked over a much more clunky typewriter-based console.Īs Weizenbaum (1967: 475) explains, “ F rom one point of view, an ELIZA script is a program and ELIZA itself an interpreter. The most well-known script is called "DOCTOR". It interpreted a separate, domain-specific script that determined its style of conversation. Weizenbaum's ELIZA was intended as a general conversational agent. ![]() Until now, the ELIZA source code has been missing, presumed by many to be lost, and because many alternate versions have been created over the years, the original source code remained undiscovered. However, surprisingly, the ELIZA program itself was never published, and it wasn't written in Lisp, but in a now-obscure language called MAD-SLIP running on an IBM 7094 computer at MIT. Most people who know anything about Joseph Weizenbaum's ELIZA at the level of the program code think that it was written in Lisp and that it has been floating around since the publication of Weizenbaum's 1966 CACM paper. ![]()
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